proportional tax - traduzione in russo
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proportional tax - traduzione in russo

CONCEPT IN TAXATION
Proportional taxes; Proportional tax rate

proportional tax         
пропорциональный налог; налог, взимаемый по единой ставке
sin tax         
EXCISE OR SALES TAX SPECIFICALLY LEVIED ON GOODS DEEMED HARMFUL TO SOCIETY AND INDIVIDUALS (E.G. DRUGS, ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, COFFEE, SUGAR, CANDIES, SOFT DRINKS, FAST FOOD, GAMBLING, PORNOGRAPHY)
Sin taxes; Vice tax; Sin Tax; Punitive tax; Demerit tax; Health tax
sin tax amer.; coll. налог на табак, алкогольные напитки, азартные игры и т. п.
sin tax         
EXCISE OR SALES TAX SPECIFICALLY LEVIED ON GOODS DEEMED HARMFUL TO SOCIETY AND INDIVIDUALS (E.G. DRUGS, ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, COFFEE, SUGAR, CANDIES, SOFT DRINKS, FAST FOOD, GAMBLING, PORNOGRAPHY)
Sin taxes; Vice tax; Sin Tax; Punitive tax; Demerit tax; Health tax

['sintæks]

разговорное выражение

налог «на пороки» (на табак, алкогольные напитки, азартные игры и т. п.)

собирательное выражение

налог на табак, алкогольные напитки, азартные игры и т. п.

Definizione

capitation tax

Wikipedia

Proportional tax

A proportional tax is a tax imposed so that the tax rate is fixed, with no change as the taxable base amount increases or decreases. The amount of the tax is in proportion to the amount subject to taxation. "Proportional" describes a distribution effect on income or expenditure, referring to the way the rate remains consistent (does not progress from "low to high" or "high to low" as income or consumption changes), where the marginal tax rate is equal to the average tax rate.

It can be applied to individual taxes or to a tax system as a whole; a year, multi-year, or lifetime. Proportional taxes maintain equal tax incidence regardless of the ability-to-pay and do not shift the incidence disproportionately to those with a higher or lower economic well-being.

Flat taxes are defined as levying a fixed (“flat”) fraction of taxable income. They usually exempt from taxation household income below a statutorily determined level that is a function of the type and size of the household. As a result, such a flat marginal rate is consistent with a progressive average tax rate. A progressive tax is a tax imposed so that the tax rate increases as the amount subject to taxation increases. The opposite of a progressive tax is a regressive tax, where the tax rate decreases as the amount subject to taxation increases.

The French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789 proclaims:

A common contribution is essential for the maintenance of the public forces and for the cost of administration. This should be equitably distributed among all the citizens in proportion to their means.

Esempi dal corpus di testo per proportional tax
1. If, like Gladstone and John Stuart Mill – who opposed early moves to graduate income tax – you think that higher earners need incentives, then you might favour proportional tax rates. (But a test of consistency is whether you then accept Mill‘s arguments – as some flat taxers do not – that unearned income, and inheritance, should also be taxed.) These days, everyone approves of incentives.
Traduzione di &#39proportional tax&#39 in Russo